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• Mouse experiments, alongside a separate observational cohort of people Date verified

  Dietary intervention through bacterial-derived butyrate elicits anti-tumor activity and increases anti-PD-1 response

  In mice, adding the fermentable fibre inulin to the diet slowed tumour growth and made anti-PD-1 immunotherapy work better, and butyrate made by gut bacteria reproduced that effect on its own. In the study's separate group of 117 human lung cancer patients, fibre intake was not linked to survival at all.

  Gut Microbes · Benlaifaoui et al. · Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal · 15 July 2026 · PMID 42454784

  gut-sciencefibermicrobiomeimmunology
• Open label randomised controlled trial PubMed records 13 January 2026 as the publication date. Volume 32, issue 3, pages 1023 to 1033.

  Five fasting mimicking days a month beat carrying on as normal in Crohn's disease, and the stool marker moved with it

  Ninety seven adults with mild to moderate Crohn's disease. Sixty five did five days a month of a fasting mimicking diet for three months. Seven in ten met the response threshold against four in ten of the control group, and faecal calprotectin fell twenty two percent while it rose in the control arm.

  Nature Medicine 32(3):1023 to · Kulkarni et al. · the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Stanford University School of Medicine · 13 January 2026 · PMID 41530382

  gut-healthimmunologygeneral-nutritionibs