Topic
Every study covered on this subject, newest first.
Stool from 63 adults was measured twice, once gently and once after rupturing the bacterial cells. An active form of vitamin B12 was undetectable until the cells were broken open, while roughly two fifths of the biotin was already free outside them. The single total that fecal metabolomics normally reports is two different quantities added together.
Gut Microbes 18(1):2719062 · Hirayama et al. · Chubu University · 24 August 2026 · PMID 42635406
Stripping the gut microbiome of male mice cut voluntary wheel running, and feeding back the short chain fatty acids that gut microbes normally make restored it. A fibre rich diet pushed running above normal and came with more striatal histamine.
mSystems, article e0087626 · Hutchinson et al. · the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign · 19 August 2026 · PMID 42615618
Thirty healthy adults ate 25 grams of inulin with either a fructan digesting enzyme or a placebo capsule. Symptoms were milder over the following day, while breath hydrogen and methane were identical.
The Journal of Nutrition, · Mah et al. · Biofortis Inc. · 11 August 2026 · PMID 42580594
A modified starch that releases short chain fatty acids in the colon lowered markers of intestinal barrier damage during 90 minutes of cycling. Muscle glycogen and 5 km time trial performance were untouched.
The Journal of Physiology, · Karl et al. · U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine · 11 August 2026 · PMID 42581384
Twenty eight healthy adults received an identical short chain fatty acid dose targeted either to the small intestine or to the colon. Colonic delivery released more PYY, small intestinal delivery released more GLP-1, which is the opposite of what the authors expected.
The American Journal of · Rosseel et al. · KU Leuven · 10 August 2026 · PMID 42575284
Machine learning guided design of synthetic gut communities identified a butyrogenic motif involving inulin, Bacteroides uniformis and Anaerostipes caccae, validated in human fecal communities ex vivo.
Nature Chemical Biology 22(8):1286 · Connors et al. · 27 July 2026
Cornell researchers fed resistant starch to more than 50 people and sequenced their microbiomes at strain level. Different strains of the same species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, responded to the identical fiber in opposite directions.
Microbiology Spectrum · Poole et al. · 27 July 2026
A label audit of 108 US prebiotic sodas launched 2021 to 2025 found an average of 35 kcal, 5 g sugar and 5 g fiber per 12 oz can, fiber ranging from 2 to 9 g, and non nutritive sweeteners in about two thirds of products.
NUTRITION 2026, American Society · Carlos et al. · 25 July 2026
A Current Opinion in Sports Medicine argues that symptom severity, not habit, should decide whether an athlete restricts FODMAPs. Athletes with mild or occasional symptoms are likely better served by a more liberal FODMAP intake that supports gut integrity.
Sports Medicine · Scrivin et al. · 24 July 2026 · PMID 42496856
A human comparison of resistant starch versus polydextrose examined plasma and faecal bile acid profiles with microbiota associations; the abstract could not be retrieved before PubMed access closed, so no results are summarized.
European Journal of Nutrition · Fan et al. · 23 July 2026 · PMID 42489745
In mice, adding the fermentable fibre inulin to the diet slowed tumour growth and made anti-PD-1 immunotherapy work better, and butyrate made by gut bacteria reproduced that effect on its own. In the study's separate group of 117 human lung cancer patients, fibre intake was not linked to survival at all.
Gut Microbes · Benlaifaoui et al. · Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal · 15 July 2026 · PMID 42454784
In a six week randomized trial in adults with knee osteoarthritis, 20 g/day inulin reduced pain by roughly as much as a supported exercise programme, and the dropout gap was striking: 3.6% left the inulin arm against 21% for exercise.
Nutrients 18(5):714 · Kouraki et al. · 24 February 2026
In a four site randomized crossover using university dining halls, 36 recreational athletes showed no significant difference in a 12 minute run or composite machine strength between a plant based and an omnivorous month, though the strength interval leaned toward the omnivore diet.
Nutrition Journal · Raygoza et al. · 20 February 2026
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